Evaluation of radiality constraints for power distribution networks

¹ Institute of Computing, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Av. Albert Einstein, 1251 – Cidade Universitária, Campinas, SP 13083-852, Brazil
² Department of Electronics, Federal University of Technology – Paraná (UTFPR), Dr. Washington Subtil Chueire St., 330, Jardim Carvalho, Ponta Grossa, PR 84017-220, Brazil

^* Corresponding author: jonatas.t.belotti@hotmail.com; jonatas.t.belotti@gmail.com; j230260@ic.unicamp.br

Received: 7 November 2023
Accepted: 10 January 2025

Abstract

This work carried out an empirical study with the objective of determining the most efficient strategy in guaranteeing the radiality of the distribution network during the reconfiguration. The reconfiguration problem in a distribution network aims to reduce technical losses by changing the paths that energy takes through the network until it reaches consumers. In this problem, a mandatory constraint is to ensure that the network operates radially. However, the literature does not present a consensus on the best way to guarantee this restriction. Computational experiments were carried out using the two main methodologies in the literature: limiting the number of input edges; and search with removal of cycles in each partial solution. A third and new strategy was proposed as an alternative to the literature using the concept of minimal cuts in graphs. Computational tests showed that the strategy of limiting the number of input edges was the most efficient in ensuring radiality. We also point out a drawback in the applicability of this strategy to networks with high penetrations of distributed generation (DG). For this reason, our experiments also analyze the other strategies that are suitable for DG power flows. For this case, we show that the methodology proposed in this paper provides a better way to tackle modern networks arising from applications of smart grids.